im also having thses problems... and have had them for along time, ive always been able to get on a few servers some nights none not even the regular ones.
i have also tryed most of what you have and just lost connection to a server and i cant join any now.. thats how i found your post.
anyway i read somewhere it might be ISP related in the way in handles/loads the server browser and the ISP might be blocking connections as it mimics
P2P file sharing. im on Virgin Media btw.